KRÍZA ŽIVOTNÉHO PROSTREDIA OČAMI SENIOROV / THE ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS THROUGH THE EYES OF SENIORS

Authors

Keywords:

KRÍZA ŽIVOTNÉHO PROSTREDIA, SENIORI, VYBUDOVANÉ PROSTREDIE, KVALITATÍVNY VÝSKUM, ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS, SENIORS, THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT, QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

Abstract

Abstrakt

Teoretické ukotvenie: V centre pozornosti autoriek je vnímanie krízy životného prostredia seniormi.  Teoreticky je príspevok ukotvený okolo troch základných fenoménov. Prvým je kríza životného prostredia, ktorá dosiahla globálne rozmery a zasahuje krajiny na všetkých kontinentov. Kríza životného prostredia je tu prezentovaná ako súčasť našich individuálnych aj sociálnych životov. Ďalším fenoménom je globálne starnutie, ktoré je výzvou pre hľadanie optimálnych foriem služieb a starostlivosť zameranej na seniorov. Tretím fenoménom je vybudované prostredie a jeho vplyv na ľudí, ktorí v ňom žijú. Cieľom výskumu bolo zistiť, ako seniorky a seniori reflektujú vplyv krízy životného prostredia na ich individuálne životy.

Metodológia: Dáta, na ktoré sa v príspevku odvolávame, sme získali v rámci kvalitatívneho výskumu, ktorý sme realizovali  v období    máj 2023- september 2023 na vzorke 9 informantov vo veku od 74 do 85 rokov. Medzi nimi bolo 6 žien a 3 muži.  Základným nástrojom na zber dát bol pološtrukturovaný rozhovor. Rozhovory boli doslovne prepísané a následne analyzované za použitia tematickej analýzy (TCA) (Braun, Clark, 2006, Nowell et al., 2017).

Zistenia: Naši informanti sú dobre zorientovaní v problematike krízy životného prostredia. Informácie sledujú predovšetkým v televízii a rozhlase. Na rozdiel od mladých ľudí sa zameriavajú na aktuálny čas. Budúci možný vývoj krízy životného prostredia ich zaujíma len vo vzťahu k ich vnúčatám. Medzi identifikovanými emóciami prevažovali obavy z budúcnosti, stres, hnev vyvolaný pocitmi nezvratnosti vývoja. Na rozdiel od zahraničných výskumoch, v našom súbore sme neidentifikovali informantov, ktorí by sa aktívne zapájali do nejakých environmentálnych aktivít. Vybudované životné prostredie, v ktorom dlhodobo žijú síce nepokladajú za najlepšie. Štvrť, v ktorej žijú je síce dostatočne zelená, ale je prispôsobená rodičom s malými deťmi. Lavičky, ktoré sa tam nachádzajú sú na slnku v blízkosti detského ihriska. Najsilnejšou emóciou boli obavy z vlastného starnutia, z postupnej straty kompetencie zvládnuť vlastný život v pokračujúcej starobe.

Etika výskumu: Všetkým členom výskumného súboru boli poskytnuté informácie o cieľoch výskumu, aby sa mohli rozhodnúť, či sa do nášho výskumu zapoja. Informovali sme ich, že účasť vo výskume je dobrovoľná a môžu z neho kedykoľvek odstúpiť. Informanti súhlasili s nahrávaním rozhovoru s tým, že získané dáta budú anonymizované.

Abstract

Theoretical base: In the center of attention of the authors is the perception of the environmental crisis by seniors. Theoretically, the contribution is anchored around three basic phenomena. The first is the environmental crisis, which has reached global proportions and affects countries on all continents. The environmental crisis is presented as part of our individual and social lives. Another phenomenon is global aging, which is a challenge for the search for optimal forms of services and care aimed at seniors. The third phenomenon is the built environment and its impact on the people living in it. The objective of the research was to find out how senior citizens reflect on the impact of the environmental crisis on their individual lives.

Methodology: The data we refer to in the post were obtained as part of qualitative research, which we carried out in the period May 2023 - September 2023 on a sample of 9 informants between the ages of 74 and 85. There were 6 women and 3 men. The basic tool for data collection was a semi-structured interview. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and then analyzed using thematic analysis (TCA) (Braun, Clark, 2006, Nowell et al., 2017).

Findings: Our informants are well-versed in the issue of the environmental crisis. They follow information mainly on television and radio. In contrast to young people, they focus on the current time. They are only interested in the possible future development of the environmental crisis in relation to their grandchildren. Fear of the future, stress, and anger caused by feelings of the irreversibility of development prevailed among the emotions identified. In contrast to foreign research, we did not identify informants in our group who were actively involved in any environmental activities. Although they do not consider the built environment in which they live for a long time to be the best. The neighborhood in which they live is green enough, but it is adapted to parents with small children. The benches that are there are in the sun near the playground. The strongest emotion was the fear of one's own aging, of the gradual loss of competence to manage one's own life in continuing old age.

Research ethics: All members of the research sample were informed about the aims of the research so that they could decide whether to participate in our research. We informed them that participation in the research is voluntary and they can withdraw from it at any time. The informants agreed to the recording of the interview, with the understanding that the obtained data would be anonymized.

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Published

2024-06-30